Thailand’s ‘weed wild west’ faces new guidelines as smuggling to UK rises

Thailand is making an attempt to rein in its free-wheeling marijuana market.

The federal government has accredited new measures, which can quickly prohibit consumption of the drug to these with a physician’s prescription – within the hope that this can assist regulate an business some describe as uncontrolled.

The general public well being minister has additionally mentioned that consumption of marijuana can be criminalised once more, though it is unclear when that might occur.

Ever because the drug was decriminalised in 2022, there was a frenzy of funding.

There at the moment are round 11,000 registered hashish dispensaries in Thailand. In elements of the capital Bangkok it’s inconceivable to flee the lurid inexperienced glare of their neon indicators and the fixed scent of individuals smoking their merchandise.

Within the well-known backpacker district of Khao San Street, within the historic royal quarter, there may be a complete shopping center devoted to promoting hallucinogenic flower heads or marijuana equipment.

By-product merchandise like brownies and gummies are supplied brazenly on-line – though that is technically unlawful – and will be delivered to your door inside an hour.

There was discuss of proscribing the business earlier than. The most important social gathering within the authorities coalition wished to place hashish again on the checklist of proscribed narcotics after it took workplace in 2023, however its former coalition companion, which had made decriminalisation a signature election coverage, blocked this plan.

However the last straw seems to have been strain from the UK, which has seen a flood of Thai marijuana being smuggled into the nation.

It’s typically younger travellers who’re lured by drug syndicates in Britain into carrying suitcases crammed with it on flights from Thailand.

Final month two younger British girls have been arrested in Georgia and Sri Lanka, with giant quantities of marijuana from Thailand. Each now face lengthy jail sentences.

“It is massively elevated over the past couple of years,” says Beki Wright, spokesperson on the Nationwide Crime Company in London (NCA). The NCA says 142 couriers carrying 5 tonnes have been intercepted in 2023. This quantity shot as much as 800 couriers in 2024 carrying 26 tonnes, and that quantity has continued to rise this 12 months.

“We actually wish to cease folks doing this. As a result of in case you are stopped, on this nation or many others, you face life-changing penalties, for one thing a lot of them assume is low-risk. If you happen to carry illicit medicine into the UK you would possibly get by means of the primary time, however you’ll ultimately be discovered, and you’ll almost certainly go to jail.”

To this point this 12 months, 173 folks accused of smuggling hashish – almost all from Thailand – have gone by means of the courtroom system within the UK and obtained sentences totalling 230 years.

The NCA is working along with Thai authorities to attempt to deter younger folks from being tempted to smuggle hashish to Britain. However this has proved troublesome, due to the only a few laws that exist in Thailand to manage the drug.

“It is a loophole,” says Panthong Loykulnanta, spokesman for the Thai Customs Division.

“The revenue could be very excessive, however the penalties right here aren’t excessive. More often than not once we catch folks on the airport they abandon their baggage. However then there isn’t any punishment. In the event that they insist on checking within the baggage, we will arrest them, however they only pay the superb and check out once more.”

The legalisation of hashish in 2022 was imagined to be adopted by the passing of a brand new regulatory framework by the Thai parliament.

However this by no means occurred, partly, says one MP concerned within the drafting course of, due to obstruction by vested pursuits with hyperlinks to the marijuana business. A brand new hashish regulation was drawn up final 12 months, but it surely may very well be two years away from being handed.

The consequence has been a weed wild west, the place virtually something that may earn money out of marijuana is tolerated.

There has additionally been an inflow of overseas drug syndicates hiding behind Thai nominees, rising enormous portions of potent marijuana strains in brightly-lit, air-conditioned containers.

This has flooded the market and pushed the worth down, which is what has attracted the smugglers.

Even when greater than half the folks carrying marijuana get stopped, they will nonetheless earn money from what will get by means of to the UK due to a lot increased costs there.

“You can not have a free-for-all, proper? This turned a bar battle somewhat than a boxing match,” says Tom Kruesopon, a businessman who was instrumental in legalising marijuana, however now thinks issues have now gone too far.

“When there’s a weed store on each nook, when persons are smoking as they’re strolling down the road, when vacationers are getting excessive on our seashores, different international locations being affected by our legal guidelines, with folks transport it illegally – these are negatives.”

He argues that the proposed new public well being ministry laws will prohibit provide and demand, and restore the business to what it was all the time meant to be, targeted solely on the medical use of marijuana.

There’s loads of opposition to this notion from hashish fanatics who consider the brand new guidelines will do nothing to curb smuggling or unlicensed growers.

They are saying the measures will wipe out small-scale companies who’re already struggling due to the glut brought on by over-production.

Earlier this month, many of those smaller growers descended on the prime minister’s workplace in Bangkok to ship a proper criticism to the federal government, calling for a extra sensitively regulated business, and never simply what they consider is a knee-jerk response to overseas criticism.

“I completely perceive that the federal government might be getting yelled at throughout worldwide conferences,” says Kitty Chopaka, probably the most vocal advocate for smaller producers.

“Nations saying ‘All of your weed is getting smuggled into our nation,’ that’s fairly embarrassing. However proper now they aren’t even implementing the principles that exist already. In the event that they did, that might most likely mitigate lots of the problems like smuggling, or sale with no licence.”

The collapse in costs pressured her earlier this 12 months to shut down her hashish dispensary, one of many first to open three years in the past.

Parinya Sangprasert, one of many growers on the protest, argues that the unlawful growers are already working exterior the regulation in Thailand – and can ignore the brand new laws as properly.

He’s emphatic that individuals can not come to his farm and simply purchase 46kg (101 lbs) of marijuana – the amount sometimes carried in two suitcases by the “mules” making an attempt to succeed in the UK.

On his telephone he introduced up a replica of the official kind he has to fill in each time he makes a sale.

“If you wish to purchase or promote a considerable amount of hashish, you want a licence, issued by our authorities. Each weed store should acquire this to purchase marijuana, and there are information stored of which farm it is from and who it was offered to.”

Within the meantime, Thai customs officers are persevering with their efforts to stem the flood of hashish although their airports.

They’re utilizing intelligence gathered on journey patterns to focus on potential smugglers, and dissuade them from checking of their tainted baggage, and risking harsh jail sentences of their vacation spot international locations.

They’re more and more utilizing the requirement for a licence to purchase, promote or export portions of marijuana to prosecute these they intercept, however the punishment isn’t greater than a superb.

And the confiscated suitcases, crammed with vacuum-sealed packages of dried marijuana heads, with names like “Runtz” and “Zkittlez”, nonetheless pile up in backrooms on the airports. There have been round 200 in a single room the BBC was allowed into, containing between two to a few tonnes, taken in simply the previous month.